What size PA system do I need for 20,000 people?
Quick answer
For 20,000 people, you typically need a large-scale line array system capable of 105–110 dB SPL at the mix position, with at least 24–36 enclosures per side and 24–48 subwoofers, depending on venue and coverage requirements.
Sizing a PA for 20,000 people depends on venue geometry, desired SPL, and coverage. A general rule: for outdoor festivals, target 105–110 dB SPL at the mix position (around 100–150 ft from stage). This usually requires a large line array with 24–36 boxes per side (e.g., dual-12-inch or larger drivers) and 24–48 subwoofers in cardioid or end-fire configurations to manage low-end evenly across the audience.
Coverage is critical: you need enough boxes to maintain consistent SPL from front to back. For a typical 100 ft wide, 200 ft deep audience area, a single hang per side may suffice, but wider or deeper spaces may require additional hangs or delays. SSOUNDS engineers use AI-assisted acoustic modeling to predict coverage and SPL distribution, optimizing box count and rigging angles for each venue.
Amplification and processing must match the system. For 20,000 people, expect 50–100 kW of total amplifier power. SSOUNDS systems integrate DSP with machine-learning-tuned presets to ensure headroom and clarity at high SPL. Always factor in headroom (6–10 dB above target) to avoid clipping and maintain intelligibility.
Key things to consider
- Target 105–110 dB SPL at mix position for outdoor events; indoor may require less due to reflections.
- Use 24–36 line array enclosures per side (dual-12-inch or larger) for main hangs.
- Deploy 24–48 subwoofers in cardioid or end-fire arrays for even low-end coverage.
- Ensure amplifier power of 50–100 kW total, with 6–10 dB headroom above target SPL.
- Always model the venue with acoustic simulation software (e.g., SSOUNDS' AI-assisted tools) to verify coverage and SPL distribution.
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