What size PA system do I need for 20,000 people?
Quick answer
For 20,000 people, you typically need a large-format line array system capable of 100–105 dB SPL average at FOH with 6–10 dB headroom, requiring 24–36 enclosures per side plus 24–48 subwoofers, depending on venue geometry and coverage requirements.
Sizing a PA for 20,000 people is a major undertaking. As a rule of thumb, you need a system that can deliver 100–105 dB SPL average at the mix position (around 60–80 meters from stage) with at least 6–10 dB of headroom for transients. This typically means large-format line arrays: 24–36 enclosures per side for mains, plus 24–48 subwoofers (cardioid or end-fire arrays) for low-end impact. Coverage angles and throw distance are critical—narrower boxes (10°–15°) for long throw, wider boxes (20°–30°) for nearfield fill.
Venue geometry drastically changes requirements. In a wide, shallow field, you may need more hangs or delays; in a deep, narrow stadium, fewer boxes with longer throw. SSOUNDS engineers use AI-assisted acoustic modeling to simulate coverage, SPL distribution, and intelligibility before deployment, ensuring every seat gets consistent, high-quality sound. We also factor in environmental conditions (wind, temperature gradients) that affect long-throw performance.
Subwoofer count depends on desired low-frequency extension and pattern control. For 20,000 people, expect 24–48 subwoofers in a cardioid or end-fire configuration to reduce rear spill and maintain punch. Amplification and DSP are equally important—SSOUNDS systems include purpose-built amplifiers with advanced DSP presets tuned per venue. Always consult with professional system designers; these numbers are starting points, not substitutes for detailed modeling.
Key things to consider
- Target 100–105 dB SPL average at FOH with 6–10 dB headroom.
- Main arrays: 24–36 large-format line array enclosures per side.
- Subwoofers: 24–48 units in cardioid or end-fire arrays.
- Use narrow-dispersion boxes for long throw, wider boxes for nearfield.
- Always model with acoustic simulation software for precise deployment.
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